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19-1138; Rev 1; 12/97
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
General Description
The MAX3080-MAX3089 high-speed transceivers for RS-485/RS-422 communication contain one driver and one receiver. These devices feature fail-safe circuitry, which guarantees a logic-high receiver output when the receiver inputs are open or shorted. This means that the receiver output will be a logic high if all transmitters on a terminated bus are disabled (high impedance). The MAX3080/MAX3081/MAX3082 feature reduced slew-rate drivers that minimize EMI and reduce reflections caused by improperly terminated cables, allowing error-free data transmission up to 115kbps. The MAX3083/MAX3084/MAX3085 offer higher driver output slew-rate limits, allowing transmit speeds up to 500kbps. The MAX3086/MAX3087/MAX3088's driver slew rates are not limited, making transmit speeds up to 10Mbps possible. The MAX3089's slew rate is selectable between 115kbps, 500kbps, and 10Mbps by driving a selector pin with a single three-state driver. These transceivers typically draw 375A of supply current when unloaded, or when fully loaded with the drivers disabled. All devices have a 1/8-unit-load receiver input impedance that allows up to 256 transceivers on the bus. The MAX3082/MAX3085/MAX3088 are intended for halfduplex communications, while the MAX3080/MAX3081/ MAX3083/MAX3084/MAX3086/MAX3087 are intended for full-duplex communications. The MAX3089 is selectable between half-duplex and full-duplex operation. It also features independently programmable receiver and transmitter output phase via separate pins.
Features
o True Fail-Safe Receiver While Maintaining EIA/TIA-485 Compatibility o Enhanced Slew-Rate Limiting Facilitates Error-Free Data Transmission (MAX3080-MAX3085/MAX3089) o 1nA Low-Current Shutdown Mode (except MAX3081/MAX3084/MAX3087) o Pin-Selectable Full/Half-Duplex Operation (MAX3089) o Phase Controls to Correct for Twisted-Pair Reversal (MAX3089) o Allow Up to 256 Transceivers on the Bus
Applications
RS-422/RS-485 Communications Level Translators Transceivers for EMI-Sensitive Applications Industrial-Control Local Area Networks
Ordering Information
PART MAX3080CPD MAX3080CSD MAX3080EPD MAX3080ESD TEMP. RANGE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 14 Plastic DIP 14 SO 14 Plastic DIP 14 SO
Ordering Information continued on last page.
Selection Table
Part MAX3080 MAX3081 MAX3082 MAX3083 MAX3084 MAX3085 MAX3086 MAX3087 MAX3088 MAX3089 Half/Full Duplex Full Full Half Full Full Half Full Full Half Selectable Data Rate (Mbps) 0.115 0.115 0.115 0.5 0.5 0.5 10 10 10 Selectable Slew Rate Limited Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No Selectable LowPower Shutdown Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Receiver/ Driver Enable Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Quiescent Transceivers Current On (A) Bus 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 375 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 256 Pin Count 14 8 8 14 8 8 14 8 8 14 IndustryStandard Pinout 75180 75179 75176 75180 75179 75176 75180 75179 75176 75180*
*Pin-compatible with 75180, with additional features implemented using pins 1, 6, 8, and 13.
________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1
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Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
Supply Voltage (VCC) ............................................................+7V Control Input Voltage (RE, DE)...................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Special Input Voltage (H/F, SRL, TXP, RXP)..................................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Driver Input Voltage (DI).............................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Driver Output Voltage (A, B, Y, Z)........................................13V Receiver Input Voltage (A, B) ..............................................13V Receiver Input Voltage, Full Duplex (A, B) ..........................25V Receiver Output Voltage (RO)....................-0.3V to (VCC + 0.3V) Continuous Power Dissipation 8-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 9.09mW/C above +70C) ...727mW 8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/C above +70C)................471mW 14-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.0mW/C above +70C) ....800mW 14-Pin SO (derate 8.33mW/C above +70C)..............667mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX308_C_ _ .....................................................0C to +70C MAX308_E_ _...................................................-40C to +85C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300C
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC = +5V 5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER DRIVER Differential Driver Output (no load) Differential Driver Output Change in Magnitude of Differential Output Voltage (Note 2) Driver Common-Mode Output Voltage Change In Magnitude of Common-Mode Voltage (Note 2) Input High Voltage Input Low Voltage DI Input Hysteresis SRL Input Current Input High Voltage Input Middle Voltage Input Low Voltage SRL Input Current Input Current (A and B) Full Duplex Output Leakage (Y and Z) Full Duplex Driver Short-Circuit Output Current (Note 4) 2 SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
VOD1 VOD2 VOD VOC VOC VIH1 VIL1 VHYS IIN1 IIN2 VIH2 VIM2 VIL2 IIN3 IIN4 IO
Figure 5 Figure 5, R = 50 (RS-422) Figure 5, R = 27 (RS-485) Figure 5, R = 50 or R = 27 Figure 5, R = 50 or R = 27 Figure 5, R = 50 or R = 27 DE, DI, RE, H/F, TXP, RXP DE, DI, RE, H/F, TXP, RXP MAX3080-MAX3085, and MAX3089 with SRL = VCC or unconnected DE, DI, RE H/F, TXP, RXP, internal pull-down SRL SRL (Note 3) SRL SRL = VCC SRL = GND (Note 3) DE = GND, VCC = GND or 5.25V DE = GND, VCC = GND or 5.25V -7V VOUT VCC 0V VOUT 12V 0V VOUT VCC VIN = 12V VIN = -7V VIN = 12V VIN = -7V -100 -250 -75 10 VCC - 0.8 0.4VCC 2.0 2.0 1.5
5
V V
0.2 3 0.2
V V V V
0.8 100 2 40 0.6VCC 0.8 75 125 -75 125
V mV A V V V A A A
VOD1
250 25
mA
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Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)
(VCC = +5V 5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER RECEIVER Receiver Differential Threshold Voltage Receiver Input Hysteresis Receiver Output High Voltage Receiver Output Low Voltage Three-State Output Current at Receiver Receiver Input Resistance Receiver Output Short-Circuit Current SUPPLY CURRENT No load, RE = DI = GND or VCC, SRL = VCC No load, RE = DI = GND or VCC, SRL = GND DE = GND, VRE = VCC DE = VCC DE = GND DE = VCC DE = GND 430 375 475 420 0.001 900 A 600 1000 A 800 10 A SYMBOL CONDITIONS -7V VCM 12V IO = -4mA, VID = -50mV IO = 4mA, VID = -200mV 0.4V VO 2.4V -7V VCM 12V 0V VRO VCC 96 7 95 MIN TYP MAX UNITS
MAX3080-MAX3089
VTH VTH VOH VOL IOZR RIN IOSR
-200 VCC -1.5
-125 25
-50
mV mV V V A k mA
0.4 1
Supply Current
ICC
Supply Current in Shutdown Mode
ISHDN
Note 1: All currents into the device are positive; all currents out of the device are negative. All voltages are referred to device ground unless otherwise noted. Note 2: VOD and VOC are the changes in VOD and VOC, respectively, when the DI input changes state. Note 3: The SRL pin is internally biased to VCC / 2 by a 100k/100k resistor divider. It is guaranteed to be VCC / 2 if left unconnected. Note 4: Maximum current level applies to peak current just prior to foldback-current limiting; minimum current level applies during current limiting.
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3
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3080-MAX3082, and MAX3089 with SRL = Unconnected
(VCC = +5V 5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25C.) PARAMETER Driver Input to Output Driver Output Skew | tDPLH - tDPHL | Driver Rise or Fall Time Maximum Data Rate Driver Enable to Output High Driver Enable to Output Low Driver Disable Time from Low Driver Disable Time from High Receiver Input to Output SYMBOL tDPLH tDPHL tDSKEW tDR, tDF fMAX tDZH tDZL tDLZ tDHZ tRPLH, tRPHL tRSKD tRZL tRZH tRLZ tRHZ tSHDN tDZH(SHDN) tDZL(SHDN) tRZH(SHDN) tRZL(SHDN) Figures 8 and 10, CL = 100pF, S2 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 100pF, S1 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S1 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S2 closed Figures 11 and 13; | VID | 2.0V; rise and fall time of VID 15ns Figures 11 and 13; | VID | 2.0V; rise and fall time of VID 15ns Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S1 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S2 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S1 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S2 closed (Note 5) Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S2 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S1 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S2 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S1 closed 50 127 3 20 20 20 20 200 CONDITIONS Figures 7 and 9, RDIFF = 54, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF Figures 7 and 9, RDIFF = 54, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF Figures 7 and 9, RDIFF = 54, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF 667 115 3500 3500 100 100 200 30 50 50 50 50 600 6000 6000 3500 3500 MIN 500 500 TYP 2030 2030 -3 1320 MAX 2600 2600 200 2500 UNITS ns ns ns kbps ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
| tRPLH - tRPHL | Differential Receiver Skew
Receiver Enable to Output Low Receiver Enable to Output High Receiver Disable Time from Low Receiver Disable Time from High Time to Shutdown Driver Enable from Shutdown to Output High Driver Enable from Shutdown to Output Low Receiver Enable from Shutdown to Output High Receiver Enable from Shutdown to Output Low
4
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Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3083-MAX3085, and MAX3089 with SRL = VCC
(VCC = +5V 5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25C.) PARAMETER Driver Input to Output Driver Output Skew | tDPLH - tDPHL | Driver Rise or Fall Time Maximum Data Rate Driver Enable to Output High Driver Enable to Output Low Driver Disable Time from Low Driver Disable Time from High Receiver Input to Output SYMBOL tDPLH tDPHL tDSKEW tDR, tDF fMAX tDZH tDZL tDLZ tDHZ tRPLH, tRPHL tRSKD tRZL tRZH tRLZ tRHZ tSHDN tDZH(SHDN) tDZL(SHDN) tRZH(SHDN) tRZL(SHDN) Figures 8 and 10, CL = 100pF, S2 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 100pF, S1 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S1 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S2 closed Figures 11 and 13; | VID | 2.0V; rise and fall time of VID 15ns Figures 11 and 13; | VID | 2.0V; rise and fall time of VID 15ns Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S1 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S2 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S1 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S2 closed (Note 5) Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S2 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S1 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S2 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S1 closed 50 127 3 20 20 20 20 200 CONDITIONS Figures 7 and 9, RDIFF = 54, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF Figures 7 and 9, RDIFF = 54, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF Figures 7 and 9, RDIFF = 54, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF 200 500 2500 2500 100 100 200 30 50 50 50 50 600 4500 4500 3500 3500 MIN 250 250 TYP 720 720 -3 530 MAX 1000 1000 100 750 UNITS ns ns ns kbps ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
MAX3080-MAX3089
| tRPLH - tRPHL | Differential Receiver Skew
Receiver Enable to Output Low Receiver Enable to Output High Receiver Disable Time from Low Receiver Disable Time from High Time to Shutdown Driver Enable from Shutdown to Output High Driver Enable from Shutdown to Output Low Receiver Enable from Shutdown to Output High Receiver Enable from Shutdown to Output Low
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5
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS--MAX3086-MAX3088, and MAX3089 with SRL = GND
(VCC = +5V 5%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VCC = +5V and TA = +25C.) PARAMETER Driver Input to Output Driver Output Skew | tDPLH - tDPHL | Driver Rise or Fall Time Maximum Data Rate Driver Enable to Output High Driver Enable to Output Low Driver Disable Time from Low Driver Disable Time from High Receiver Input to Output SYMBOL tDPLH tDPHL tDSKEW tDR, tDF fMAX tDZH tDZL tDLZ tDHZ tRPLH, tRPHL tRSKD tRZL tRZH tRLZ tRHZ tSHDN tDZH(SHDN) tDZL(SHDN) tRZH(SHDN) tRZL(SHDN) Figures 8 and 10, CL = 100pF, S2 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 100pF, S1 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S1 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S2 closed Figures 11 and 13; | VID | 2.0V; rise and fall time of VID 15ns Figures 11 and 13; | VID | 2.0V; rise and fall time of VID 15ns Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S1 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S2 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S1 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S2 closed (Note 5) Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S2 closed Figures 8 and 10, CL = 15pF, S1 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S2 closed Figures 6 and 12, CL = 100pF, S1 closed 50 106 0 20 20 20 20 200 CONDITIONS Figures 7 and 9, RDIFF = 54, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF Figures 7 and 9, RDIFF = 54, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF Figures 7 and 9, RDIFF = 54, CL1 = CL2 = 100pF 10 150 150 100 100 150 10 50 50 50 50 600 250 250 3500 3500 MIN TYP 34 34 -2.5 14 MAX 60 60 10 25 UNITS ns ns ns Mbps ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns ns
| tRPLH - tRPHL | Differential
Receiver Skew Receiver Enable to Output Low Receiver Enable to Output High Receiver Disable Time from Low Receiver Disable Time from High Time to Shutdown Driver Enable from Shutdown to Output High Driver Enable from Shutdown to Output Low Receiver Enable from Shutdown to Output High Receiver Enable from Shutdown to Output Low
Note 5: The device is put into shutdown by bringing RE high and DE low. If the enable inputs are in this state for less than 50ns, the device is guaranteed not to enter shutdown. If the enable inputs are in this state for at least 600ns, the device is guaranteed to have entered shutdown.
6
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Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX3080-MAX3089
NO-LOAD SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3080/3089 TOC-16
OUTPUT CURRENT vs. RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE
MAX3080/3089 TOC-2
OUTPUT CURRENT vs. RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE
MAX3080/3089 TOC-3
525 NO-LOAD SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 500 475 450 425 400 375 350 325 300
A: MAX3086-MAX3088, MAX3089 WITH SRL = GND
60 50 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 40 30 20 10 0
30 25 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 20 15 10 5 0
DE = VCC
A DE = GND B A B B: MAX3080-MAX3085, MAX3089 WITH SRL = OPEN OR VCC 0 20 40 60 80 100
-60 -40 -20
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
TEMPERATURE (C)
OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE (V)
SHUTDOWN CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3080/3089 TOC-1
RECEIVER OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
IRO = 8mA 0.45 OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V) 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10
MAX3080/3089 TOC-5
RECEIVER OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
IRO = 8mA 4.4 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 4.3 4.2 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.8
MAX3080/3089 TOC-4
20 18 SHUTDOWN CURRENT (nA) 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80
0.50
4.5
100
-60 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-60 -40
-20
0
20
40
60
80
100
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (500kbps MODE) vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3080/3089 TOC-7
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (10Mbps MODE) vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3080/3089 TOC-8
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (115kbps MODE) vs. TEMPERATURE
Rt = 54 PROPAGATION DELAY (s) 2.15 2.10 2.05 2.00 1.95
MAX3080/3089 TOC-9
140 CLOAD = 100pF PROPAGATION DELAY (ns) 135 130
112 110 PROPAGATION DELAY (ns) 108 106 104 102 100 98 96 CLOAD = 100pF
2.20
125
120
115 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (C)
94 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (C)
1.90 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 TEMPERATURE (C)
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7
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
DRIVER DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3080/3089 TOC-11
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (500kbps MODE) vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX3080/3089 TOC-10
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY (10Mbps MODE) vs. TEMPERATURE
60 55 PROPAGATION DELAY (ns) 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 Rt = 54 1.90 1.89 OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 1.88 1.87 1.86 1.85 1.84 1.83 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100
880 PROPAGATION DELAY (ns) 840 800 760 720 680 640 600 560 520
Rt = 54
Rt = 54
-60 -40 -20
0
20
40
60
80
100
-60 -40 -20
0
20
40
60
80
100
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
DRIVER OUTPUT CURRENT vs. DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAX3080 TOC-12
OUTPUT CURRENT vs. DRIVER OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE
MAX3080-25
OUTPUT CURRENT vs. DRIVER OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE
-90 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) -80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30 -20
MAX3080/3089 TOC-27
100
140 120 OUTPUT CURRENT (mA) 100 80 60 40 20
-100
OUTPUT CURRENT (mA)
10
1
0.1
-10 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 OUTPUT LOW VOLTAGE (V) OUTPUT HIGH VOLTAGE (V)
0.01 0 1 2 3 4 5 DIFFERENTIAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
0
8
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MAX3080/3089 TOC-13
920
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VCC = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY MAX3080-MAX3085, AND MAX3089 WITH SRL = OPEN OR VCC
MAX3080/3089 TYP-17
MAX3080-MAX3089
RECEIVER PROPAGATION DELAY MAX3086-MAX3088, AND MAX3089 WITH SRL = GND
MAX3080/3089 TYP-18
VA - VB
2V/div
VA - VB
2V/div
RO
5V/div
RO
5V/div
50ns/div
50ns/div
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY MAX3080/MAX3081/MAX3082, AND MAX3089 WITH SRL = OPEN
MAX3080/3089 TYP-20
DI
5V/div
VY - VZ
2.5V/div
2s/div
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY MAX3083/MAX3084/MAX3085, AND MAX3089 WITH SRL = VCC
MAX3080/3089 TYP-21
DRIVER PROPAGATION DELAY MAX3086/MAX3087/MAX3088, AND MAX3089 WITH SRL = GND
MAX3080/3089 TYP-22
DI
5V/div
DI
5V/div
VY - VZ
2.5V/div
VY - VZ
2.5V/div
500ns/div
50ns/div
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9
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
Pin Description
PIN PIN MAX3080 MAX3081 MAX3082 MAX3083 MAX3084 MAX3085 MAX3086 MAX3087 MAX3088 FULL-DUPLEX DEVICES MAX3089 NAME HALFDUPLEX MODE 1 H/F Half/Full-Duplex Selector Pin. Connect H/F to VCC for half-duplex mode; connect to GND or leave unconnected for full-duplex mode. Receiver Output. When RE is low and if A - B -50mV, RO will be high; if A - B -200mV, RO will be low. Receiver Output Enable. Drive RE low to enable RO; RO is high impedance when RE is high. Drive RE high and DE low to enter low-power shutdown mode. Driver Output Enable. Drive DE high to enable driver outputs. These outputs are high impedance when DE is low. Drive RE high and DE low to enter low-power shutdown mode. Driver Input. With DE high, a low on DI forces noninverting output low and inverting output high. Similarly, a high on DI forces noninverting output high and inverting output low. Slew-Rate-Limit Selector Pin. Connect SRL to GND for 10Mbps communication rate; connect to VCC for 500kbps communication rate. Leave unconnected for 115kbps communication rate. Ground Transmitter Phase. Connect TXP to GND, or leave floating for normal transmitter phase/polarity. Connect to VCC to invert the transmitter phase/polarity. Noninverting Driver Output Noninverting Receiver Input and Noninverting Driver Output* Inverting Driver Output Inverting Receiver Input and Inverting Driver Output* Inverting Receiver Input Receiver Input Resistors* Inverting Receiver Input and Inverting Driver Output FUNCTION
HALFFULLDUPLEX DUPLEX DEVICES MODE -- 1
--
--
2
2
1
2
2
RO
3
--
2
3
3
RE
4
--
3
4
4
DE
5
3
4
5
5
DI
-- 6, 7 -- 9 -- 10 -- 11 -- --
-- 4 -- 5 -- 6 -- 7 -- --
-- 5 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 7
6 7 8 9 -- 10 -- 11 -- --
6 7 8 -- 9 -- 10 -- 11 --
SRL GND TXP Y Y Z Z B B B
10
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Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
Pin Description (continued)
PIN MAX3080 MAX3081 MAX3082 MAX3083 MAX3084 MAX3085 MAX3086 MAX3087 MAX3088 FULL-DUPLEX DEVICES 12 -- -- -- 14 1, 8, 13 8 -- -- -- 1 --
MAX3089 NAME HALFDUPLEX MODE -- 12 -- 13 14 -- A A A RXP VCC N.C. Noninverting Receiver Input Receiver Input Resistors* Noninverting Receiver Input and Noninverting Driver Output Receiver Phase. Connect RXP to GND, or leave unconnected for normal transmitter phase/polarity. Connect to VCC to invert the receiver phase/polarity. Positive Supply; 4.75V VCC 5.25V Not Connected. Not internally connected. FUNCTION
HALFFULLDUPLEX DUPLEX DEVICES MODE -- -- 6 -- 8 -- 12 -- -- 13 14 --
*(MAX3089 only.) In half-duplex mode, the driver outputs serve as receiver inputs. The full-duplex receiver inputs (A and B) will still have a 1/8-unit load, but are not connected to the receiver.
Function Tables
MAX3080/MAX3083/MAX3086
TRANSMITTING INPUTS RE X X 0 1 DE 1 1 0 0 DI 1 0 X X Z 0 1 High-Z Shutdown RECEIVING INPUTS RECEIVING INPUTS RE 0 0 0 1 1 DE X X X 1 0 A-B -0.05V -0.2V Open/shorted X X OUTPUT RO 1 0 1 High-Z Shutdown A-B -0.05V -0.2V Open/shorted OUTPUT RO 1 0 1 OUTPUTS Y 1 0 High-Z INPUT DI 1 0 Z 0 1
MAX3081/MAX3084/MAX3087
TRANSMITTING OUTPUTS Y 1 0
X = Don't care Shutdown mode, driver and receiver outputs high impedance
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11
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
Function Tables (continued)
MAX3082/MAX3085/MAX3088
TRANSMITTING INPUTS RE X X 0 1 DE 1 1 0 0 DI 1 0 X X 0 1 High-Z Shutdown OUTPUTS B/Z A/Y 1 0 High-Z TXP 0 0 1 1 X X RECEIVING INPUTS RE 0 0 0 1 1 DE X X X 1 0 A-B -0.05V -0.2V Open/shorted X X OUTPUT RO 1 0 1 High-Z Shutdown H/F 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 X X RXP 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 X X RE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 DE X X X X 0 0 0 0 X 0 X 0 1 0 RECEIVING INPUTS A-B -0.05V -0.2V -0.05V -0.2V X X X X Open/ shorted X Open/ shorted X X X Y-Z X X X X -0.05V -0.2V -0.05V -0.2V X Open/ shorted X Open/ shorted X X OUTPUT RO 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 High-Z Shutdown X X X X 0 1 RE
MAX3089
TRANSMITTING INPUTS DE 1 1 1 1 0 0 DI 1 0 1 0 X X OUTPUTS Z 0 1 1 0 High-Z Y 1 0 0 1 High-Z
Shutdown
X = Don't care Shutdown mode, driver and receiver outputs high impedance 12 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
TOP VIEW TOP VIEW
N.C. 1 RO 2 RE 3 DE 4 DI 5 GND 6 GND 7 D R 14 VCC 13 N.C. 12 A 11 B 10 Z 9 8 Y N.C. NC 1, 8, 13 3 6, 7 GND RE GND DE RO 2 DI 5 DE 4 VCC 14 9 0.1F VCC RE
Y
MAX3080 MAX3083 MAX3086
Rt
D
10 Z 12 A Rt 11 B
R
RO
R
D
DI
DIP/SO
Figure 1. MAX3080/MAX3083/MAX3086 Pin Configuration and Typical Full-Duplex Operating Circuit
TOP VIEW TOP VIEW
VCC 1 5Y VCC 1 RO 2 DI 3 GND 4 D R 8 7 6 5 A B Z Y RO 8A 2 Rt 7 B DI 3 0.1F
VCC
MAX3081 MAX3084 MAX3087
Rt 6Z
D
R
RO
R
D
DI
DIP/SO
4 GND GND
Figure 2. MAX3081/MAX3084/MAX3087 Pin Configuration and Typical Full-Duplex Operating Circuit
TOP VIEW TOP VIEW
0.1F
MAX3082 MAX3085 MAX3088
B Rt A R
DE D DI
RO
1
R
8 7 6
VCC B A GND
RO
1
R
RE 2 DE 3 DI 4 D
RE 2 DE 3 DI 4 D
5
8 VCC 7B Rt 6 A 5 GND
RO
DIP/SO
RE NOTE: PIN LABELS Y AND Z ON TIMING, TEST, AND WAVEFORM DIAGRAMS REFER TO PINS A AND B WHEN DE IS HIGH.
Figure 3. MAX3082/MAX3085/MAX3088 Pin Configuration and Typical Half-Duplex Operating Circuit
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Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
Detailed Description
The MAX3080-MAX3089 high-speed transceivers for RS-485/RS-422 communication contain one driver and one receiver. These devices feature fail-safe circuitry, which guarantees a logic-high receiver output when the receiver inputs are open or shorted, or when they are connected to a terminated transmission line with all drivers disabled (see Fail-Safe section). The MAX3080/ MAX3081/MAX3082 feature reduced slew-rate drivers that minimize EMI and reduce reflections caused by improperly terminated cables, allowing error-free data transmission up to 115kbps (see Reduced EMI and Reflections section). The MAX3083/MAX3084/MAX3085 offer higher driver output slew-rate limits, allowing transmit speeds up to 500kbps. The MAX3086/ MAX3087/MAX3088's driver slew rates are not limited, making transmit speeds up to 10Mbps possible. The MAX3089's slew rate is selectable between 115kbps, 500kbps, and 10Mbps by driving a selector pin with a three-state driver. The MAX3082/MAX3085/MAX3088 are half-duplex transceivers, while the MAX3080/MAX3081/MAX3083/ MAX3084/MAX3086/MAX3087 are full-duplex transceivers. The MAX3089 is selectable between half- and full-duplex communication by driving a selector pin high or low, respectively. All of these parts operate from a single +5V supply. Drivers are output short-circuit current limited. Thermal shutdown circuitry protects drivers against excessive power dissipation. When activated, the thermal shutdown circuitry places the driver outputs into a highimpedance state.
Receiver Input Filtering
The receivers of the MAX3080-MAX3085, and the MAX3089 when operating in 115kbps or 500kbps mode, incorporate input filtering in addition to input hysteresis. This filtering enhances noise immunity with differential signals that have very slow rise and fall times. Receiver propagation delay increases by 20% due to this filtering.
VCC
RE
MAX3089
A RD
TOP VIEW
B H/F RO RE DE DI SRL GND 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 V CC 13 RXP
MAX3089
12 A 11 B 10 Z 9 8 Y TXP Y DI TXP H/F
Z
DIP/SO
NOTE: SWITCH POSITIONS INDICATED FOR H/F = GND
GND
DE
SRL
Figure 4. MAX3089 Pin Configuration and Functional Diagram
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
Y R VOD R Z VOC S2 TEST POINT RECEIVER OUTPUT CRL 15pF 1k VCC S1 1k
Figure 5. Driver DC Test Load
Figure 6. Receiver Enable/Disable Timing Test Load
Fail-Safe
The MAX3080 family guarantees a logic-high receiver output when the receiver inputs are shorted or open, or when they are connected to a terminated transmission line with all drivers disabled. This is done by setting the receiver threshold between -50mV and -200mV. If the differential receiver input voltage (A-B) is greater than or equal to -50mV, RO is logic high. If A-B is less than or equal to -200mV, RO is logic low. In the case of a terminated bus with all transmitters disabled, the receiver's differential input voltage is pulled to 0V by the termination. With the receiver thresholds of the MAX3080 family, this results in a logic high with a 50mV minimum noise margin. Unlike previous fail-safe devices, the -50mV to -200mV threshold complies with the 200mV EIA/TIA-485 standard.
TXP and RXP low, connect them to ground, or leave them unconnected (internal pull-down). To invert the driver phase, drive TXP high or connect it to VCC. To invert the receiver phase, drive RXP high or connect it to V CC. Note that the receiver threshold is positive when RXP is high. The MAX3089 can operate in full- or half-duplex mode. Drive the H/F pin low, leave it unconnected (internal pull-down), or connect it to GND for full-duplex operation, and drive it high for half-duplex operation. In fullduplex mode, the pin configuration of the driver and receiver is the same as that of a MAX3080 (Figure 4). In half-duplex mode, the receiver inputs are switched to the driver outputs, connecting outputs Y and Z to inputs A and B, respectively. In half-duplex mode, the internal full-duplex receiver input resistors are still connected to pins 11 and 12.
MAX3089 Programming
The MAX3089 has several programmable operating modes. Transmitter rise and fall times are programmable between 2500ns, 750ns, and 25ns, resulting in maximum data rates of 115kbps, 500kbps, and 10Mbps, respectively. To select the desired data rate, drive SRL to one of three possible states by using a three-state driver, by connecting it to VCC or GND, or by leaving it unconnected. For 115kbps operation, set the three-state device in high-impedance mode or leave SRL unconnected. For 500kbps operation, drive SRL high or connect it to VCC. For 10Mbps operation, drive SRL low or connect it to GND. SRL can be changed during operation without interrupting data communications. Occasionally, twisted-pair lines are connected backward from normal orientation. The MAX3089 has two pins that invert the phase of the driver and the receiver to correct for this problem. For normal operation, drive
Applications Information
256 Transceivers on the Bus
The standard RS-485 receiver input impedance is 12k (one-unit load), and the standard driver can drive up to 32 unit loads. The MAX3080 family of transceivers have a 1/8-unit-load receiver input impedance (96k), allowing up to 256 transceivers to be connected in parallel on one communication line. Any combination of these devices and/or other RS-485 transceivers with a total of 32 unit loads or less can be connected to the line.
Reduced EMI and Reflections
The MAX3080-MAX3085, and MAX3089 with SRL = VCC or unconnected, are slew-rate limited, minimizing EMI and reducing reflections caused by improperly terminated cables. Figure 14 shows the driver output waveform and its Fourier analysis of a 20kHz signal transmitted by a MAX3086/MAX3087/MAX3088, and MAX3089 with SRL = GND. High-frequency harmonic
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15
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
3V DE DI Y VID Z CL2
CL1 RDIFF 500 OUTPUT UNDER TEST CL S2 S1 VCC
Figure 7. Driver Timing Test Circuit
Figure 8. Driver Enable/Disable Timing Test Load
3V DI 0V 1.5V tPLH tPHL 1.5V 1/2 VO
3V DE 0V tZL(SHDN), tZL tLZ VOL +0.5V 1.5V 1.5V
Z VO Y 1/2 VO VO VDIFF 0V -VO 10% tR tSKEW = | tPLH - tPHL | VDIFF = V (Y) - V (Z) 90% 90% tF 10%
Y, Z VOL Y, Z 2.3V 0V tZH(SHDN), tZH tHZ 2.3V OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH VOH -0.5V
Figure 9. Driver Propagation Delays
Figure 10. Driver Enable and Disable Times (except MAX3081/MAX3084/MAX3087)
3V RE RO VOH VOL A B 1.5V tPHL INPUT OUTPUT NORMALLY HIGH RO 0V tZH(SHDN), tZH tHZ 1.5V VOH - 0.5V OUTPUT tPLH 1.5V VCC RO 0V tZL(SHDN), tZL tLZ VOL + 0.5V 1.5V 1.5V
1V -1V
1.5V OUTPUT NORMALLY LOW
Figure 11. Receiver Propagation Delays
Figure 12. Receiver Enable and Disable Times (except MAX3081/MAX3084/MAX3087)
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Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
MAX3080/3089 FIG-14
B ATE VID A RR RECEIVER OUTPUT 20dB/div
0Hz
100kHz/div
1MHz
Figure 13. Receiver Propagation Delay Test Circuit
Figure 14. Driver Output Waveform and FFT Plot of MAX3086/MAX3087/MAX3088, and MAX3089 with SRL = GND, Transmitting a 20kHz Signal
MAX3080/3089 FIG-15
A
20dB/div
B
20dB/div
0Hz
100kHz/div
1MHz
0Hz
100kHz/div
1MHz
Figure 15. Driver Output Waveform and FFT Plot of MAX3083/MAX3084/MAX3085, and MAX3089 with SRL = VCC, Transmitting a 20kHz Signal
Figure 16. Driver Output Waveform and FFT Plot of MAX3080/MAX3081/MAX3082, and MAX3089 with SRL = Unconnected, Transmitting a 20kHz Signal
components with large amplitudes are evident. Figure 15 shows the same signal displayed for a MAX3083/ MAX3084/MAX3085, and MAX3089 with SRL = VCC), transmitting under the same conditions. Figure 15's high-frequency harmonic components are much lower in amplitude, compared with Figure 14's, and the potential for EMI is significantly reduced. Figure 16 shows the same signal displayed for a MAX3080/ MAX3081/MAX3082, and MAX3089 with SRL = unconnected, transmitting under the same conditions. Figure 16's high-frequency harmonic components are even lower.
In general, a transmitter's rise time relates directly to the length of an unterminated stub, which can be driven with only minor waveform reflections. The following equation expresses this relationship conservatively: Length = tRISE / (10 x 1.5ns/ft) where tRISE is the transmitter's rise time. For example, the MAX3080's rise time is typically 1320ns, which results in excellent waveforms with a stub length up to 90 feet. A system can work well with longer unterminated stubs, even with severe reflections, if the waveform settles out before the UART samples them.
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MAX3080/3089 FIG-16
A
B
17
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
MAX3080/3089 FIG-18
MAX3080/MAX3081/MAX3083/ MAX3084/MAX3086/MAX3087/ MAX3089 (FULL DUPLEX)
A RO RE DE Z DI 120 Y
DI
5V/div
R
120 B
DATA IN VA - VB 1V/div
D
DATA OUT RO 5V/div
5s/div
NOTE: RE AND DE ON MAX3080/MAX3083/MAX3086/MAX3089 ONLY.
Figure 17. Line Repeater for MAX3080/MAX3081/ MAX3083/MAX3084/MAX3086/MAX3087, and MAX3089 in Full-Duplex Mode
Figure 18. MAX3080/MAX3081/MAX3082, and MAX3089 with SRL = Unconnected, System Differential Voltage at 50kHz Driving 4000 feet of Cable
Low-Power Shutdown Mode (except MAX3082/MAX3085/MAX3088)
Low-power shutdown mode is initiated by bringing both RE high and DE low. In shutdown, the devices typically draw only 1nA of supply current. RE and DE may be driven simultaneously; the parts are guaranteed not to enter shutdown if RE is high and DE is low for less than 50ns. If the inputs are in this state for at least 600ns, the parts are guaranteed to enter shutdown. Enable times t ZH and t ZL in the Switching Characteristics tables assume the part was not in a lowpower shutdown state. Enable times tZH(SHDN) and tZL(SHDN) assume the parts were shut down. It takes drivers and receivers longer to become enabled from low-power shutdown mode (tZH(SHDN), tZH(SHDN)) than from driver/receiver-disable mode (tZH, tZL).
Line Length vs. Data Rate
The RS-485/RS-422 standard covers line lengths up to 4000 feet. For line lengths greater than 4000 feet, use the repeater application shown in Figure 17. Figures 18, 19, and 20 show the system differential voltage for the parts driving 4000 feet of 26AWG twistedpair wire at 110kHz into 120 loads.
Typical Applications
The MAX3082/MAX3085/MAX3088/MAX3089 transceivers are designed for bidirectional data communications on multipoint bus transmission lines. Figures 21 and 22 show typical network applications circuits. These parts can also be used as line repeaters, with cable lengths longer than 4000 feet, as shown in Figure 17. To minimize reflections, the line should be terminated at both ends in its characteristic impedance, and stub lengths off the main line should be kept as short as possible. The slew-rate-limited MAX3082/MAX3085, and the two modes of the MAX3089, are more tolerant of imperfect termination.
Driver Output Protection
Two mechanisms prevent excessive output current and power dissipation caused by faults or by bus contention. The first, a foldback current limit on the output stage, provides immediate protection against short circuits over the whole common-mode voltage range (see Typical Operating Characteristics). The second, a thermal shutdown circuit, forces the driver outputs into a high-impedance state if the die temperature becomes excessive.
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Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
MAX3080/3089 FIG-19 MAX3080/3089 FIG-20
DI
5V/div
DI
5V/div
VA - VB
1V/div
VA - VB
1V/div
RO
5V/div
RO
5V/div
2s/div
1s/div
Figure 19. MAX3083/MAX3084/MAX3085, and MAX3089 with SRL = VCC, System Differential Voltage at 50kHz Driving 4000 feet of Cable
Figure 20. MAX3086/MAX3087/MAX3088, and MAX3089 with SRL = GND, System Differential Voltage at 200kHz Driving 4000 feet of Cable
120 DI B
120 B DE
D
DE RO RE A B A B A A
D
DI
R R R D
R
RO RE
MAX3082 MAX3085 MAX3088 MAX3089 (HALF-DUPLEX)
D
DI
DE
RO RE
DI
DE
RO RE
Figure 21. Typical Half-Duplex RS-485 Network
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19
Fail-Safe, High-Speed (10Mbps), Slew-Rate-Limited RS-485/RS-422 Transceivers MAX3080-MAX3089
A RO RE DE Z DI B 120 Y Y Z B A Y Z B A 120 A Y 120 B 120 Z DE RE RO
R
D
DI
D
R
R D D
R
DI
DE RE RO
DI
DE RE RO
NOTE: RE AND DE ON MAX3080/MAX3083/MAX3086/MAX3089 ONLY.
MAX3080 MAX3081 MAX3083 MAX3084 MAX3086 MAX3087 MAX3089 (FULL-DUPLEX)
Figure 22. Typical Full-Duplex RS-485 Network
Ordering Information (continued)
PART MAX3081CPA MAX3081CSA MAX3081EPA MAX3081ESA MAX3082CPA MAX3082CSA MAX3082EPA MAX3082ESA MAX3083CPD MAX3083CSD MAX3083EPD MAX3083ESD MAX3084CPA MAX3084CSA MAX3084EPA MAX3084ESA MAX3085CPA MAX3085CSA MAX3085EPA MAX3085ESA TEMP. RANGE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 14 Plastic DIP 14 SO 14 Plastic DIP 14 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO PART MAX3086CPD MAX3086CSD MAX3086EPD MAX3086ESD MAX3087CPA MAX3087CSA MAX3087EPA MAX3087ESA MAX3088CPA MAX3088CSA MAX3088EPA MAX3088ESA MAX3089CPD MAX3089CSD MAX3089EPD MAX3089ESD TEMP. RANGE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 14 Plastic DIP 14 SO 14 Plastic DIP 14 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 8 Plastic DIP 8 SO 14 Plastic DIP 14 SO 14 Plastic DIP 14 SO
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
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____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.
(c) 1997 Maxim Integrated Products

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